The starter pile piece is fitted with an oversized conical grout shoe, which is open upwards, but tapered downwards.

As the pile is driven the grout shoe creates
a void or annulus around the shaft of the pile.

Grout is pumped through the drive shank
of the hammer and down into the core of
the pile.

The grout is then forced out through the grout shoe and fills the annulus created,
as the pile is driven.

The grout displaces air and water
and stabilises the compacted walls
of the annulus.

As the grout cures it forms a cohesive bond between the pile and the surrounding ground, maximising the skin friction
and minimising the pile lengths required
to meet the engineering design loads.

Once cured, the grout eliminates contact between the ductile iron and oxygen/water in the ground and provides long-term corrosion protection.